What type of data utilizes mathematical and statistical techniques to analyze information?

Quantitative data refers to information that can be measured and expressed numerically, allowing for the application of mathematical and statistical techniques. This type of data is essential in cultural anthropology for analyzing patterns and trends within populations and behaviors. By utilizing quantitative data, researchers can perform statistical analyses to draw conclusions, compare variables, and test hypotheses, making it a powerful tool for empirical study.

In contrast, qualitative data emphasizes understanding the meaning and context of cultural phenomena, leaning more toward descriptive forms that cannot easily be quantified. Case studies and fieldwork, while integral to anthropological research, often involve collecting qualitative data through in-depth exploration, interviews, and observations, rather than employing statistical methods. Therefore, the emphasis on numerical analysis and the ability to summarize findings with statistical methods aptly defines quantitative data.